Components of Speaking

a.      The Components of Speaking

In the process of teaching learning speaking, both teacher and students have to know the components of speaking. Harris in Mukminatien (1991) cited that the short description as follows:

i)        Pronunciation

Pronunciation refers to the ability to stress words in sentences and to produces correct intonation. She describes that pronunciation has a big influence to English learners who has good pronunciation mean they master English purely.

ii)      Grammar

Grammatical deals with the accurate use of the structure or how the learner gets his or her utterance correct. It shows that grammatical cannot be under estimated. Even the speaker does not care with grammar when she or he is peaking but to get the point of the speaker says, they have to use it correctly.

iii)    Vocabulary

Vocabulary deals with the ability of choosing appropriate words. There are many vocabularies that have same meaning, so to identify it the speakers have to select them. It is because wrong selecting means wrong meaning.

iv)    Fluency

Fluency refers to the ability to express ideas smoothly, without hesitation, repetition or in appropriate pause. Someone who is good n grammatical and vocabulary does not mean she or he can speak fluently. So, there should be balancing between grammatical and vocabulary to support fluency in speaking.

v)      Comprehension

Comprehension refers to the ability to get the meaning across the learners and the ability to keep the conversation going. Most of the learners get difficult to get the point of the speaker say, because they do not really understand the point.